This is finally an actual statement & question that is good for the argument.
Yes it definitely has an impact. But it’s not the sole or even majority impact imo. The divorce rate is over 50%, so single parent homes are across the board. Again I’m not talking about race, I’m talking about low income areas in which the public school is reflected on the area. Your family’s starting income has so much impact on what kind of career the kid will end up with. The kid with higher income parents can afford to explore paths, make more financial mistakes, be stupidly selfish, get arrested with lesser penalties, not take school seriously, etc. The advantage they had going into K-12th grade gives them more time to get their crap together, even if they never dothey’ll still be put through college & the connections their family has still gets them a foot in the door to a successful path.